Exploring the great outdoors is a thrilling experience, but it's crucial to be aware of the dangers that can come with cold weather. Hypothermia, a condition where the body loses heat faster than it can produce, can turn a fun adventure into a life-threatening situation if not properly managed. This is a real danger here in the Pacific NorthWET. It’s not common to have severely below-freezing temperatures like they do in the Midwest or Northeast of the USA. However, we do have very high levels of moisture. Our snow is called the “Cascade Concrete” due to it freezing to a rock-like hardness. This is because the ambient humidity level is so high. Combine that with colder temperatures, and you’ve got a recipe for hypothermia.
So, let's explore hypothermia, how to avoid it, and what to do if you or someone else is affected.
What is Hypothermia?
Hypothermia occurs when your body temperature drops below 95°F (35°C). The condition can quickly become serious, leading to confusion, lethargy, and even unconsciousness. It's often caused by prolonged exposure to cold temperatures, wind, or water, making it a common risk for hikers, campers, and outdoor enthusiasts. This can happen quickly and without the victim realizing it. Your sweat, ambient humidity, rain, wet snow, all combine to create a body heat-sucking situation that only needs the temperature to drop to below 40F for hypothermia to set in.
How to Avoid Hypothermia
Dress Appropriately:
Layer Up: Wear multiple layers of clothing to trap heat. Start with a moisture-wicking base layer, add an insulating layer, and finish with a waterproof and windproof outer layer. It’s also a good idea to bring one extra insulating layer to put on when you get to your campsite. It’s easy to stay warm when you’re hiking, but when you stop, your body reduces heat generation and starts to cool down.
Protect Extremities: Wear hats, gloves, and thick wool socks to prevent heat loss from your head, hands, and feet.
Stay Dry: Wet clothing can rapidly increase heat loss. Always have a waterproof layer ready and change out of wet clothes as soon as possible. This is a key aspect of winter camping in the Pacific NorthWET. Bring extra socks (waterproof boots aren’t always), and a spare pair of gloves. Your first pair of gloves can become wet and start pulling away body heat out of your hands.
Stay Hydrated and Nourished:
Drink Warm Fluids: Warm beverages can help maintain your core temperature. Hot cocoa is a good choice, in addition to the heat of the liquid, the sugar in the cocoa will give your body caloric energy. Avoid alcohol, as it can lower your body temperature.
Eat High-Energy Foods: Consuming high-calorie snacks can provide the energy your body needs to generate heat.
Take Breaks and Stay Active:
Keep Moving: Physical activity generates body heat. Take short breaks to rest, but avoid sitting still for too long.
Find Shelter: If conditions worsen, seek shelter from the wind and cold. A tent, tarp, or even a dense cluster of trees can provide protection. I strongly recommend bringing along one of those flimsy emergency blankets. In a pinch you can rig up a shelter, wrap it around you or a buddy, or wrap it around your sleeping bag.
What to Do If You or Someone Else is Suffering from Hypothermia
Recognize the Signs:
Mild Hypothermia: Shivering, fatigue, loss of coordination, and confusion.
Severe Hypothermia: No shivering, slurred speech, drowsiness, and loss of consciousness.
Take Immediate Action:
Move to a Warm Location: Get the person indoors or to a sheltered area. Remove any wet clothing.
Warm the Body Gradually: Use blankets, sleeping bags, and body heat to warm the person. Avoid direct heat sources like hot water or heating pads, as they can cause shock.
Provide Warm Fluids: If the person is conscious, give them warm (not hot) beverages. Avoid caffeinated drinks.
Seek Medical Help:
Call for Emergency Assistance: Hypothermia can be life-threatening. Seek professional medical help as soon as possible.
Monitor the Person: Keep a close eye on their condition and be prepared to perform CPR if necessary.
Staying informed and prepared can make all the difference when venturing into cold environments. By understanding hypothermia and taking preventive measures, you can ensure your outdoor adventures remain safe and enjoyable.
Comments